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Happy Friday!

Two papers on quantum computing’s application to break Bitcoin’s cryptography dropped this week, send Bitcoin twitter into a tizzy. We read them both to make sense of the findings so you don’t have to.

Plus, for headlines this week, MARA laid off 15% of its workforce, NAKA took a big loss on its BTC in 2025, and Luxor is coming for miner management software.

We are only two weeks away from OPNEXT, the Bitcoin scaling conference!

  • The Times Center in New York, New York April 16th

  • Top developers in Bitcoin, AI payments, quantum research

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What Google’s quantum computing paper actually says about Bitcoin

Two papers landed this week that accelerated the quantum threat timeline for Bitcoin. Here's what changed, what it means, so you can decide for yourself whether to panic or dismiss it.

On March 31, two research papers dropped that sent Twitter into a familiar, janus-faced cycle of alarm and apathy. One came from Google Quantum AI, the other from a Caltech startup named Oratomic.

Both deal with the same question: how many qubits does it actually take to break the cryptography that secures Bitcoin? If you’re not up to speed on quantum and qubits we recommend you check out our 3-part quantum miniseries.

To oversimplify: quantum computers use qubits instead of bits. The theoretical problem set is focused on reducing the number of qubits needed to break Bitcoin’s cryptography.

One of the biggest names in Quantum research, Scott Aaronson, neatly summed up the findings: “Neither of these [papers] change the basic principles of Quantum Computers that we’ve known for decades, but they do change the numbers.”

TL;DR: The theory is advancing quite rapidly, but actually building a functional quantum computer is still a massive unknown.

What Google and Oratomic’s Quantum Computing papers actually say

For starters, Google's team built optimized quantum circuits for running Shor's algorithm against Bitcoin's elliptic curve cryptography. The team showed they could run a relevant quantum computer with 500,000 physical qubits in nine-minutes time on average.

That's a ~20x reduction from the previous best estimate of ~9 million qubits and 9 minutes is less than Bitcoin's average block time of 10 minutes. This means a powerful enough quantum computer could theoretically crack a private key while a transaction is in-flight.

The Oratomic paper goes further. They argue you could break Bitcoin’s cryptography with much fewer qubits – roughly 26,000 – in about 10 days. More importantly, they believe fault tolerant quantum computing might be achievable in that qubit range. For the uninformed, the big challenge is getting the qubits to work correctly in the wild – “fault tolerance”.

So in theory, Bitcoin’s quantum computing risk just got worse.

But critics make a good point: Nobody built a new quantum computer this week. They found a more efficient way to theoretically use one that doesn't exist yet.

In the News

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Bitcoin miner MARA lays off 15% of workforce

Bitcoin miner MARA (NASDAQ: MARA) – one of the largest bitcoin miners globally – has reduced its workforce by roughly 15%, according to an internal company message reviewed by Blockspace. - link

Nakamoto reports $166.2M bitcoin loss in 2025, sells 284 bitcoin in March

Bitcoin treasury company Nakamoto (NASDAQ: NAKA) posted a loss of $166.2 on its bitcoin holdings in 2025, according to the company’s 2025 earnings release. Driving the loss, Bitcoin’s value fell from a weighted average purchase price of $118,171 to $87,519 at year-end. - link

Luxor launches Commander bitcoin mining fleet management software

Bitcoin mining software and services firm Luxor Technology has rolled out Commander, a bitcoin mining fleet management software that consolidates the company’s product lines into a single interface.  - link

Bitdeer taps DCI to build 180 MW AI data center in Norway

Bitdeer (NASDAQ: BTDR) has contracted Data Center Installations AS (DCI) to develop and convert its Tydal, Norway bitcoin mine into a 180 MW AI data center. Bitdeer expects to complete the overhaul in December 2026 according to Nvidia’s reference design for its Vera Rubin platform for AI workloads. - link

Blockspace

Catch Blockspace LIVE 3x per week on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday at 12 pm ET/ 9 am PST. We cover all the news of the last 48 hours, plus guest segments from big names in the Bitcoin and AI space!

On the latest Blockspace Podcast, Will Reeves (CEO of Fold), Brian Harrington (Bitcoin expert), and Cole Kenneally (CEO of Volmex Finance) join us to talk about the intersection of quantum computing and blockchain security, the launch of the Fold Bitcoin credit card, and the emergence of institutional-grade volatility indices. We also break down Nokia’s massive $166 million loss in the crypto treasury landscape and how the circular economy is taking root in Orange County. Tune in to stay ahead of the next wave of Bitcoin personal finance and market trends.

The word quantum has its roots in Latin, where it means "how much" or "how great.” It entered English in the late 16th century, retaining its Latin meaning to denote "a quantity or amount." German physicist Max Planck coined its modern scientific usage in 1900 when he proposed that energy is emitted or absorbed in discrete packets rather than continuously. He called such a packet a quantum (German also borrowed the Latin term directly). From there, quantum took on its now-familiar meaning in physics as a discrete, indivisible unit of something — giving us quantum mechanics, quantum theory, and quantum computing.

-CBS, CMH

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